Types of Models of Organisational Behaviour

What are Organisational Behaviour Models?

Organisational Behaviour Models are defined as the structural models that describe the relationship between the employees at different levels in the organisation. Organisational models reflect the overall behaviour of management and people altogether. The behaviour of employees is analysed into three levels in the organisational model. These three levels are individual level, group level and organisational level. Cognitive, behavioural and social learning frameworks are the three theoretical approaches considered in the organisational behaviour model. This study describes how organisations are influenced by human behaviours and how the conduct of people is affected by the organisations. Below are models of organisational behaviour that describe how organisations behave to optimise their productivity.

Types of Models of Organisational Behaviour

1. Feudal Model

Feudal model is defined as a type of model that considers the employees working in an organisation as an inferior element of the organisation. The working employees were given less value in the feudal model. For various decisions and actions in the company, the desires and values of people were not considered. This model was majorly called Theory X, in which the procedures, actions, policies and rules were considered with higher priority and superior to human beings. For building the motivation among employees money and retrenchment approach was used. The model entirely concentrated only on formal organisation rather than human and social values.

2. Autocratic Model

The autocratic Model is defined as a type of organisational model that depends upon power, strength and formal authority. This model majorly depends on power. The working employees need to follow the orders. The lower-level employees have less control over the assigned duties as compared to upper-level authorities. Major decisions are made by the higher-level authorities only. The basic principle that is followed in the autocratic model is that owners of the company or higher managerial authorities have higher expertise in business, whereas lower-level employees have fewer skills and experience.

3. Custodial Model

Custodial Model is defined as a type of model where economic resources are considered as the root level. In this model, the employees and working professionals of the company are adapted to the benefits and security provided by the company as every employee considers security as the major parameter while working. The firms with more resources majorly adapt this model as the model is dependent upon the availability of high economic resources. The custodial model is based on rewards. It overcomes the limitations of the autocratic model. In most companies, more benefits such as healthcare benefits and corporate cars are also being provided along with security.

4. Supportive Model

As the name itself suggests, the supportive model is defined as a type of model that considers leadership as its root level. In this model, the employees are oriented towards their participation and job performance. This model helps employees to improve their overall performance and enhance learning. Public sector organisations majorly follow a supportive model because it is based on leadership. In this model more importance is given to job satisfaction, friendly relationships between superiors and subordinates, and psychological needs of the employees. The role of the higher manager is to get the work done by helping their employees.

5. Collegial Model

The collegial model is a further extension of the supportive model. The word collegial means bodies of different individuals working towards a common goal. The partnership is the root level of the collegial model the approach adopted is the teamwork approach. The workers in the collegial model are satisfied in their job roles and are committed towards the overall growth of the organisation. It is the responsibility of the manager to create a healthy and positive workplace for his employees. The collegial model works more effectively in finding new approaches such as research and development, marketing teams, technologies and software, etc.

6. Human Value Model

The human value model is defined as a model that gives more importance to human values. This model is opposite to that of the feudal model. The human values of the employees were more appreciated than the economic values. The employees working in an organisation work to fulfil their social and psychological needs rather than focusing only on economic needs. This model is for human dignity.

7. Contingency Model 

Contingency Model is defined as a complex model. The contingency Model of organisational behaviour assumes the complex variables that consist of the behaviour of individuals, groups and structure. Therefore, this model meets all the challenges for the growth of the organisation. To demonstrate the contingency model Theory Z is being developed. Contingency Model is also known as a hybrid model. The contingency Model guarantees the promotion and long-term employment opportunities for the employees working in the organisation.