Count number of ways to divide a number in 4 parts

Last Updated : 21 Jul, 2022

Given a positive integer n, find number of ways to divide n in four parts or represent n as sum of four positive integers. Here n varies from 0 to 5000.
Examples :

Input: n = 5
Output: 1
There is only one way (1, 1, 1, 2)

Input: n = 6
Output: 2
There are two ways (1, 1, 1, 3) and (1, 1, 2, 2)

Input: n = 8
Output: 5
There are five ways (2, 2, 2, 2), (1, 1, 1, 5),(1, 1, 3, 3), (1, 1, 2, 4) and (1, 2, 2, 3)

Method 1 (Simple Solution) Run four nested loops to generate all possible different quadruplet. Below is C++ implementation of the simple algorithm.
Below is the implementation of above approach:

C++

// A Simple C++ program to count number of ways to
// represent a number n as sum of four.
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Returns count of ways
int countWays(int n)
{
    int counter = 0; // Initialize result
 
    // Generate all possible quadruplet and increment
    // counter when sum of a quadruplet is equal to n
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
        for (int j = i; j < n; j++)
            for (int k = j; k < n; k++)
                for (int l = k; l < n; l++)
                    if (i + j + k + l == n)
                       counter++;
    return counter;
}
 
// Driver program
int main()
{
   int n = 8;
   cout << countWays(n);
   return 0;
}

Java

// A Simple Java  program to count number of ways to 
// represent a number n as sum of four. 
 
import java.io.*;
 
class GFG {
     
// Returns count of ways 
static int countWays(int n) 
{ 
    int counter = 0; // Initialize result 
 
    // Generate all possible quadruplet and increment 
    // counter when sum of a quadruplet is equal to n 
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) 
        for (int j = i; j < n; j++) 
            for (int k = j; k < n; k++) 
                for (int l = k; l < n; l++) 
                    if (i + j + k + l == n) 
                    counter++; 
    return counter; 
} 
 
// Driver program 
     
    public static void main (String[] args) {
        int n = 8; 
        System.out.println (countWays(n));
    }
}

Python3

# A Simple python3 program to count 
# number of ways to represent a number
# n as sum of four.
 
# Returns count of ways
def countWays(n):
 
    counter = 0 # Initialize result
 
    # Generate all possible quadruplet 
    # and increment counter when sum of
    # a quadruplet is equal to n
    for i in range(1, n):
        for j in range(i, n):
            for k in range(j, n):
                for l in range(k, n):
                    if (i + j + k + l == n):
                        counter += 1
    return counter
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == "__main__":
 
    n = 8
    print (countWays(n))
 
# This code is contributed by ita_c

C#

// A Simple C# program to count number 
// of ways to represent a number n as 
// sum of four. 
using System;
 
class GFG
{
         
// Returns count of ways 
static int countWays(int n) 
{ 
    int counter = 0; // Initialize result 
 
    // Generate all possible quadruplet 
    // and increment counter when sum of 
    // a quadruplet is equal to n 
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) 
        for (int j = i; j < n; j++) 
            for (int k = j; k < n; k++) 
                for (int l = k; l < n; l++) 
                    if (i + j + k + l == n) 
                    counter++; 
    return counter; 
} 
 
// Driver Code 
static public void Main ()
{
    int n = 8; 
    Console.WriteLine(countWays(n)); 
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by Sachin

PHP

<?php
// A Simple PHP program to count
// number of ways to represent 
// a number n as sum of four.
 
// Returns count of ways
function countWays($n)
{
    // Initialize result
    $counter = 0;
 
    // Generate all possible quadruplet 
    // and increment counter when sum 
    // of a quadruplet is equal to n
    for ($i = 1; $i < $n; $i++)
        for ( $j = $i; $j < $n; $j++)
            for ($k = $j; $k < $n; $k++)
                for ( $l = $k; $l < $n; $l++)
                    if ($i + $j + $k + $l == $n)
                    $counter++;
    return $counter;
}
 
// Driver Code
$n = 8;
echo countWays($n);
     
// This code is contributed by m_kit
?>

Javascript

<script>
 // A Simple Javascript  program to count number of ways to 
// represent a number n as sum of four.    
     
    // Returns count of ways 
    function countWays(n)
    {
        let counter = 0; // Initialize result 
   
        // Generate all possible quadruplet and increment 
        // counter when sum of a quadruplet is equal to n 
        for (let i = 1; i < n; i++) 
            for (let j = i; j < n; j++) 
                for (let k = j; k < n; k++) 
                    for (let l = k; l < n; l++) 
                        if (i + j + k + l == n) 
                        counter++; 
        return counter; 
    }
     
    let n = 8; 
    document.write(countWays(n));
     
    // This code is contributed by rag2127
 
</script>

Output

Time complexity of above solution is O(n⁴)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)

Method 2 (Uses Dynamic Programming)
The idea is based on below recursive solution.

countWays(n, parts, nextPart) = ?countWays(n, parts, i)
                          nextPart <= i  Input number
parts    --> Count of parts of n. Initially parts = 4
nextPart --> Starting point for next part to be tried
             We try for all values from nextPart to n.

We initially call the function as countWays(n, 4, 1)

Below is Dynamic Programming based on solution of above idea.

C++

// A Dynamic Programming based solution to count number
// of ways to represent n as sum of four numbers
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int dp[5001][5001][5];
 
// "parts" is number of parts left, n is the value left
// "nextPart" is starting point from where we start trying
// for next part.
int countWaysUtil(int n, int parts, int nextPart)
{
    // Base cases
    if (parts == 0 && n == 0) return 1;
    if (n <= 0 || parts <= 0) return 0;
 
    // If this subproblem is already solved
    if (dp[n][nextPart][parts] != -1)
       return dp[n][nextPart][parts];
 
    int ans = 0; // Initialize result
 
    // Count number of ways for remaining number n-i
    // remaining parts "parts-1", and for all part
    // varying from 'nextPart' to 'n'
    for (int i = nextPart; i <= n; i++)
        ans += countWaysUtil(n-i, parts-1, i);
 
    // Store computed answer in table and return
    // result
    return (dp[n][nextPart][parts] = ans);
}
 
// This function mainly initializes dp table and
// calls countWaysUtil()
int countWays(int n)
{
    memset(dp, -1, sizeof(dp));
    return countWaysUtil(n, 4, 1);
}
 
// Driver program
int main()
{
   int n = 8;
   cout << countWays(n) << endl;
   return 0;
}

Java

// A Dynamic Programming based solution to count number
// of ways to represent n as sum of four numbers
class GFG 
{
 
static int dp[][][] = new int[5001][5001][5];
 
// "parts" is number of parts left, n is the value left
// "nextPart" is starting point from where we start trying
// for next part.
static int countWaysUtil(int n, int parts, int nextPart)
{
    // Base cases
    if (parts == 0 && n == 0) return 1;
    if (n <= 0 || parts <= 0) return 0;
 
    // If this subproblem is already solved
    if (dp[n][nextPart][parts] != -1)
    return dp[n][nextPart][parts];
 
    int ans = 0; // Initialize result
 
    // Count number of ways for remaining number n-i
    // remaining parts "parts-1", and for all part
    // varying from 'nextPart' to 'n'
    for (int i = nextPart; i <= n; i++)
        ans += countWaysUtil(n-i, parts-1, i);
 
    // Store computed answer in table and return
    // result
    return (dp[n][nextPart][parts] = ans);
}
 
// This function mainly initializes dp table and
// calls countWaysUtil()
static int countWays(int n)
{
    for(int i = 0; i < 5001; i++)
    {
        for(int j = 0; j < 5001; j++)
        {
            for(int l = 0; l < 5; l++)
            dp[i][j][l] = -1;
        }
    }
    return countWaysUtil(n, 4, 1);
}
 
// Driver program
public static void main(String[] args) 
{
    int n = 8;
    System.out.println(countWays(n));
}
}
 
/* This code contributed by PrinciRaj1992 */

Python3

# A Dynamic Programming based solution 
# to count number of ways to represent 
# n as sum of four numbers 
 
dp = [[[-1 for i in range(5)] 
           for i in range(501)]
           for i in range(501)] 
 
# "parts" is number of parts left, n is 
# the value left "nextPart" is starting 
# point from where we start trying 
# for next part. 
def countWaysUtil(n, parts, nextPart):
     
    # Base cases 
    if (parts == 0 and n == 0):
        return 1
    if (n <= 0 or parts <= 0):
        return 0
 
    # If this subproblem is already solved 
    if (dp[n][nextPart][parts] != -1):
        return dp[n][nextPart][parts]
 
    ans = 0 # Initialize result 
 
    # Count number of ways for remaining 
    # number n-i remaining parts "parts-1", 
    # and for all part varying from 
    # 'nextPart' to 'n' 
    for i in range(nextPart, n + 1): 
        ans += countWaysUtil(n - i, parts - 1, i) 
 
    # Store computed answer in table 
    # and return result
    dp[n][nextPart][parts] = ans 
    return (ans)
 
# This function mainly initializes dp 
# table and calls countWaysUtil() 
def countWays(n):
    return countWaysUtil(n, 4, 1)
 
# Driver Code
n = 8
print(countWays(n))
 
# This code is contributed 
# by sahishelangia

C#

// A Dynamic Programming based solution to count number
// of ways to represent n as sum of four numbers
using System;
     
class GFG 
{
 
static int [,,]dp = new int[5001, 5001, 5];
 
// "parts" is number of parts left, n is the value left
// "nextPart" is starting point from where we start trying
// for next part.
static int countWaysUtil(int n, int parts, int nextPart)
{
    // Base cases
    if (parts == 0 && n == 0) return 1;
    if (n <= 0 || parts <= 0) return 0;
 
    // If this subproblem is already solved
    if (dp[n,nextPart,parts] != -1)
    return dp[n,nextPart,parts];
 
    int ans = 0; // Initialize result
 
    // Count number of ways for remaining number n-i
    // remaining parts "parts-1", and for all part
    // varying from 'nextPart' to 'n'
    for (int i = nextPart; i <= n; i++)
        ans += countWaysUtil(n - i, parts - 1, i);
 
    // Store computed answer in table and return
    // result
    return (dp[n,nextPart,parts] = ans);
}
 
// This function mainly initializes dp table and
// calls countWaysUtil()
static int countWays(int n)
{
    for(int i = 0; i < 5001; i++)
    {
        for(int j = 0; j < 5001; j++)
        {
            for(int l = 0; l < 5; l++)
            dp[i, j, l] = -1;
        }
    }
    return countWaysUtil(n, 4, 1);
}
 
// Driver code
public static void Main(String[] args) 
{
    int n = 8;
    Console.WriteLine(countWays(n));
}
}
 
// This code contributed by Rajput-Ji

PHP

<?php
// A Dynamic Programming based solution to 
// count number of ways to represent n as 
// sum of four numbers
$dp = array_fill(0, 501, 
      array_fill(0, 501, 
      array_fill(0, 5, -1)));
 
// "parts" is number of parts left, n is 
// the value left "nextPart" is starting
// point from where we start trying
// for next part.
function countWaysUtil($n, $parts, $nextPart)
{
    global $dp;
     
    // Base cases
    if ($parts == 0 && $n == 0) return 1;
    if ($n <= 0 || $parts <= 0) return 0;
 
    // If this subproblem is already solved
    if ($dp[$n][$nextPart][$parts] != -1)
    return $dp[$n][$nextPart][$parts];
 
    $ans = 0; // Initialize result
 
    // Count number of ways for remaining 
    // number n-i remaining parts "parts-1", 
    // and for all part varying from 
    // 'nextPart' to 'n'
    for ($i = $nextPart; $i <= $n; $i++)
        $ans += countWaysUtil($n - $i, 
                              $parts - 1, $i);
 
    // Store computed answer in table
    // and return result
    return ($dp[$n][$nextPart][$parts] = $ans);
}
 
// This function mainly initializes dp 
// table and calls countWaysUtil()
function countWays($n)
{
    return countWaysUtil($n, 4, 1);
}
 
// Driver Code
$n = 8;
echo countWays($n);
 
// This code is contributed by chandan_jnu
?>

Javascript

<script>
// A Dynamic Programming based solution to count number
// of ways to represent n as sum of four numbers
    let dp = new Array(5001);
     
    for(let i = 0; i < 5001; i++)
    {
        dp[i] = new Array(5001);
        for(let j = 0; j < 5001; j++)
        {
            dp[i][j] = new Array(5);
        }
    }
     
    // "parts" is number of parts left, n is the value left
    // "nextPart" is starting point from where we start trying
    // for next part.
    function countWaysUtil(n,parts,nextPart)
    {
     
        // Base cases
        if (parts == 0 && n == 0) 
            return 1;
        if (n <= 0 || parts <= 0) 
            return 0;
      
        // If this subproblem is already solved
        if (dp[n][nextPart][parts] != -1)
            return dp[n][nextPart][parts];
      
        let ans = 0; // Initialize result
      
        // Count number of ways for remaining number n-i
        // remaining parts "parts-1", and for all part
        // varying from 'nextPart' to 'n'
        for (let i = nextPart; i <= n; i++)
            ans += countWaysUtil(n - i, parts - 1, i);
      
        // Store computed answer in table and return
        // result
        return (dp[n][nextPart][parts] = ans);
    }
     
    // This function mainly initializes dp table and
    // calls countWaysUtil()
    function countWays(n)
    {
        for(let i = 0; i < 5001; i++)
        {
            for(let j = 0; j < 5001; j++)
            {
                for(let l = 0; l < 5; l++)
                    dp[i][j][l] = -1;
            }
        }
        return countWaysUtil(n, 4, 1);
    }
     
    // Driver program
    let n = 8;
    document.write(countWays(n));
     
    // This code is contributed by avanitrachhadiya2155
</script>

Output :

Time Complexity: O(n³). There are ?(n²) entries, every entry is filled only once and filling an entry takes O(n) time.
Auxiliary Space: O(n²)
Method 3 (A O(n² Log n) Solution)
We can use the solution discussed in this post to find all quadruplets.
Thanks to Gaurav Ahirwar for suggesting above solutions.

Suggest improvement

Count of ways to split a given number

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