Count straight lines intersecting at a given point

Last Updated : 26 May, 2021

Given a matrix lines[][] of size N * 3, such that i^th row denotes a line having the equation lines[i][0] * x + lines[i][1]*y = lines[i][2], and integers X and Y, denoting coordinates of a point (X, Y), the task is to count the number of lines from the given matrix which intersect with one another at the given point (X, Y).

Examples:

Input: N=5, X = 3, Y = 4, Lines[][] = {{4, -1, 8}, {2, -7, -2}, {1, 1, 7}, {1, -3, 5}, {1, 0, 3}}
Output: 3
Explanation:
Lines 4*x – y = 8, 1*x + 1* y = 7 and 1*x – 0*y = 3 intersect with each other at point (3, 4).

Input: N=4, X = -2, Y = 3, Lines[][] = {{3, -2, -12}, {1, 3, 5}, {1, -1, -5}, {2, 3, 4}}
Output: 2
Explanation:
Lines 3*x – 2*y = -12 and 1*x – 1*y = -5 intersect with each other at point (-2, 3).

Naive Approach: The simplest approach to solve the problem is that for each line, find its intersection point with other lines and check if they intersect at the given point (X, Y) or not. Finally, print the count of lines intersecting at (X, Y).
Time Complexity: O(N²)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)

Efficient Approach: The above approach can be optimized using the observation:

If two lines pass through the same point, then they will definitely intersect at that point.

Follow the steps below to solve the problems:

So, count the number of lines passing through the given point, let the count of lines be cnt.
After calculating the above step, print the total number of intersections:

Count of intersections of cnt lines intersecting at (X, Y) = ^cntC₂

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++

// C++ Program to implement
// the above approach
 
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Structure to store point
struct Point {
 
    int x, y;
};
 
// Structure to store line
struct Line {
 
    int a, b, c;
};
 
// Function to check if a line
// passes through a point or not
bool point_lies_on_line(Line l,
                        Point p)
{
    // Condition for the line
    // to pass through point p
    if (l.a * p.x + l.b * p.y
        == l.c) {
 
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}
 
// Function to find lines
// intersecting at a given point
int intersecting_at_point(
    vector<Line>& lines, Point p)
{
    int cnt = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) {
 
        // If the point lies on a line
        if (point_lies_on_line(lines[i], p)) {
 
            // Increment cnt
            cnt++;
        }
    }
 
    // Count of intersections
    int ans = (cnt * (cnt - 1)) / 2;
 
    // Return answer
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    // Number of lines
    int N = 5;
 
    // Point (x, y)
    Point p = { 3, 4 };
 
    // Array to store the lines
    vector<Line> lines;
    lines.push_back({ 4, -1, 8 });
    lines.push_back({ 1, 0, 3 });
    lines.push_back({ 1, 1, 7 });
    lines.push_back({ 2, -7, -2 });
    lines.push_back({ 1, -3, 5 });
 
    // Function call
    int ans = intersecting_at_point(lines, p);
 
    cout << ans << endl;
 
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java program to implement
// the above approach
import java.util.*;
 
class GFG{
 
// Structure to store point
static class Point
{
    int x, y;
 
    public Point(int x, int y)
    {
        super();
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }
};
 
// Structure to store line
static class Line
{
    int a, b, c;
 
    public Line(int a, int b, int c)
    {
        super();
        this.a = a;
        this.b = b;
        this.c = c;
    }
};
 
// Function to check if a line
// passes through a point or not
static boolean point_lies_on_line(Line l,
                                  Point p)
{
     
    // Condition for the line
    // to pass through point p
    if (l.a * p.x + l.b * p.y == l.c) 
    {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}
 
// Function to find lines
// intersecting at a given point
static int intersecting_at_point(Vector<Line> lines,
                                 Point p)
{
    int cnt = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++)
    {
         
        // If the point lies on a line
        if (point_lies_on_line(lines.get(i), p))
        {
             
            // Increment cnt
            cnt++;
        }
    }
 
    // Count of intersections
    int ans = (cnt * (cnt - 1)) / 2;
 
    // Return answer
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
     
    // Number of lines
    int N = 5;
 
    // Point (x, y)
    Point p = new Point(3, 4);
 
    // Array to store the lines
    Vector<Line> lines = new Vector<Line>();
    lines.add(new Line(4, -1, 8));
    lines.add(new Line(1, 0, 3));
    lines.add(new Line(1, 1, 7));
    lines.add(new Line(2, -7, -2));
    lines.add(new Line(1, -3, 5));
 
    // Function call
    int ans = intersecting_at_point(lines, p);
 
    System.out.print(ans + "\n");
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by Amit Katiyar

Python3

# Python3 program to implement
# the above approach
 
# Function to check if a line
# passes through a poor not
def point_lies_on_line(l, p):
 
    # Condition for the line
    # to pass through pop
    if (l[0] * p[0] + l[1] * p[1] == l[2]):
        return True
 
    return False
 
# Function to find lines
# intersecting at a given point
def intersecting_at_point(lines, p):
 
    cnt = 0
    for i in range(len(lines)):
 
        # If the polies on a line
        if (point_lies_on_line(lines[i], p)):
 
            # Increment cnt
            cnt += 1
             
    # Count of intersections
    ans = (cnt * (cnt - 1)) // 2
 
    # Return answer
    return ans
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
 
    # Number of lines
    N = 5
 
    # Po(x, y)
    p = [ 3, 4 ]
 
    # Array to store the lines
    lines = []
    lines.append([ 4, -1, 8 ])
    lines.append([ 1, 0, 3 ])
    lines.append([ 1, 1, 7 ])
    lines.append([ 2, -7, -2 ])
    lines.append([ 1, -3, 5 ])
 
    # Function call
    ans = intersecting_at_point(lines, p)
 
    print(ans)
 
# This code is contributed by mohit kumar 29

C#

// C# program to implement
// the above approach
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
class GFG{
 
// Structure to store point
class Point
{
  public int x, y;
  public Point(int x, int y)
  {
    this.x = x;
    this.y = y;
  }
};
 
// Structure to store line
class Line
{
  public int a, b, c;
  public Line(int a, 
              int b, int c)
  {
    this.a = a;
    this.b = b;
    this.c = c;
  }
};
 
// Function to check if a line
// passes through a point or not
static bool point_lies_on_line(Line l,
                               Point p)
{   
  // Condition for the line
  // to pass through point p
  if (l.a * p.x + l.b * p.y == l.c) 
  {
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}
 
// Function to find lines
// intersecting at a given point
static int intersecting_at_point(List<Line> lines,
                                 Point p)
{
  int cnt = 0;
  for(int i = 0; i < lines.Count; i++)
  {        
    // If the point lies on a line
    if (point_lies_on_line(lines[i], p))
    {            
      // Increment cnt
      cnt++;
    }
  }
 
  // Count of intersections
  int ans = (cnt * (cnt - 1)) / 2;
 
  // Return answer
  return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{    
  // Number of lines
  int N = 5;
 
  // Point (x, y)
  Point p = new Point(3, 4);
 
  // Array to store the lines
  List<Line> lines = new List<Line>();
  lines.Add(new Line(4, -1, 8));
  lines.Add(new Line(1, 0, 3));
  lines.Add(new Line(1, 1, 7));
  lines.Add(new Line(2, -7, -2));
  lines.Add(new Line(1, -3, 5));
 
  // Function call
  int ans = intersecting_at_point(lines, p);
 
  Console.Write(ans + "\n");
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by Rajput-Ji

Javascript

<script>
 
// JavaScript Program to implement
// the above approach
 
// Function to check if a line
// passes through a point or not
function point_lies_on_line(l, p)
{
    // Condition for the line
    // to pass through point p
    if (l[0] * p[0] + l[1] * p[1]
        == l[2]) {
 
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}
 
// Function to find lines
// intersecting at a given point
function intersecting_at_point( lines, p)
{
    var cnt = 0;
    for (var i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
 
        // If the point lies on a line
        if (point_lies_on_line(lines[i], p)) {
 
            // Increment cnt
            cnt++;
        }
    }
 
    // Count of intersections
    var ans = (cnt * (cnt - 1)) / 2;
 
    // Return answer
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
 
// Number of lines
var N = 5;
 
// Point (x, y)
var p = [3, 4];
 
// Array to store the lines
var lines = [];
lines.push([ 4, -1, 8 ]);
lines.push([ 1, 0, 3 ]);
lines.push([ 1, 1, 7 ]);
lines.push([ 2, -7, -2 ]);
lines.push([ 1, -3, 5 ]);
 
// Function call
var ans = intersecting_at_point(lines, p);
document.write( ans );
 
</script>