Java Program to Subtract the Two Matrices

Last Updated : 24 Feb, 2023

Given below the two matrices A and B, the task is to subtract them, and for subtracting the matrices the size of both the matrix should be the same i.e. both the matrix must have N X M dimension.

Example:

Input : A[][] = {{3, 1}, 
                 {2, 4}}
        B[][] = {{1, 1}, 
                 {2, 1}}

Output: {{2, 0}, 
         {0, 3}}

Input : A[][] = {{1, 2}, 
                 {3, 4}}
        B[][] = {{6, 4}, 
                 {1, 3}}

Output: {{-5, -2}, 
         {2, 1}}

Approach:

Initialize the two matrices of equal sizes because to perform the subtraction, the size of both the matrix should be the same.
Assign the values in both the matrix.
Create a new matrix of the same size as of Matrix1 and Matrix2 to store the result after subtraction.
Traverse through the matrix with the help of for loop, and perform the subtraction on both the matrix. And store the result in the resultant matrix.
Print the final resultant matrix.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

Java

// Java Program to Subtract the Two Matrices
 
import java.io.*;
 
class GFG {
 
    // Function to print Matrix
    static void printMatrix(int M[][], int rowSize,
                            int colSize)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < rowSize; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < colSize; j++)
                System.out.print(M[i][j] + " ");
 
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
 
    // Function to subtract the two matrices
    // and store in matrix C
    static int[][] subtract(int A[][], int B[][], int size)
    {
        int i, j;
        int C[][] = new int[size][size];
 
        for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
            for (j = 0; j < size; j++)
                C[i][j] = A[i][j] - B[i][j];
 
        return C;
    }
 
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int size = 3;
 
        int A[][] = { { 50, 20, 30 },
                      { 60, 30, 10 },
                      { 30, 80, 10 } };
        // Print the matrices A
        System.out.println("\nMatrix A:");
        printMatrix(A, size, size);
 
        int B[][] = { { 10, 10, 5 },
                      { 20, 10, 12 },
                      { 23, 21, 12 } };
        // Print the matrices B
        System.out.println("\nMatrix B:");
        printMatrix(B, size, size);
 
        // Add the two matrices
        int C[][] = subtract(A, B, size);
 
        // Print the result
        System.out.println("\nResultant Matrix:");
        printMatrix(C, size, size);
    }
}

Output

Matrix A:
50 20 30 
60 30 10 
30 80 10 

Matrix B:
10 10 5 
20 10 12 
23 21 12 

Resultant Matrix:
60 30 35 
80 40 22 
53 101 22

Time Complexity: O(N x M), where N x M is the dimension of matrices and we are looping through the matrix so this is the time complexity.

Auxiliary Space: O(N x M). as we are using an extra space matrix of N x M dimension.

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Java Program to Subtract the Two Matrices

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