LCM of unique elements present in an array

Last Updated : 14 May, 2021

Given an array arr[] consisting of N positive integers, the task is to find the LCM of all unique elements of the given array. If the array does not contain any unique elements, then print “-1“.

Examples:

Input: arr[] = {1, 2, 1, 3, 3, 4}
Output: 4
Explanation:
The unique elements of the given array are: 2 and 4. Therefore, the LCM of (2, 4) is 4.

Input: arr[] = {1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3}
Output: -1

Naive Approach: The simplest approach to solve the given problem is to traverse the given array arr[] for each array element arr[i] and check if arr[i] is unique or not. If found to be true, then store it in another array. After traversing for all the elements, print the LCM of the elements present in the newly created array.

Time Complexity: O(N²+ N * log(M)), where M is the largest element of the array arr[].
Auxiliary Space: O(N)

Efficient Approach: The above approach can also be optimized by using Hashing for finding the unique elements in the array. Follow the steps below to solve the problem:

Initialize a variable, say ans as 1 to store the LCM of the unique elements of the array.
Traverse the array arr[] and store the frequency of each element in the Map.
Now, traverse the map and if the count of any element is equal to 1, then update the value of ans to LCM of ans and the current element.
After completing the above steps, if the value of ans is 1 then print “-1”. Otherwise, print the value of ans as the result.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++

// C++ program for the above approach
 
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Function to find GCD of two numbers
int findGCD(int a, int b)
{
    // Base Case
    if (b == 0)
        return a;
 
    // Recursively find the GCD
    return findGCD(b, a % b);
}
 
// Function to find LCM of two numbers
int findLCM(int a, int b)
{
    return (a * b) / findGCD(a, b);
}
 
// Function to find LCM of unique elements
// present in the array
int uniqueElementsLCM(int arr[], int N)
{
    // Stores the frequency of each
    // number of the array
    unordered_map<int, int> freq;
 
    // Store the frequency of each
    // element of the array
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        freq[arr[i]]++;
    }
 
    // Store the required result
    int lcm = 1;
 
    // Traverse the map freq
    for (auto i : freq) {
 
        // If the frequency of the
        // current element is 1, then
        // update ans
        if (i.second == 1) {
            lcm = findLCM(lcm, i.first);
        }
    }
 
    // If there is no unique element,
    // set lcm to -1
    if (lcm == 1)
        lcm = -1;
 
    // Print the result
    cout << lcm;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int arr[] = { 1, 2, 1, 3, 3, 4 };
    int N = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
 
    // Function Call
    uniqueElementsLCM(arr, N);
 
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java program for the above approach
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
 
class GFG{
     
// Function to find GCD of two numbers
static int findGCD(int a, int b)
{
     
    // Base Case
    if (b == 0)
        return a;
 
    // Recursively find the GCD
    return findGCD(b, a % b);
}
 
// Function to find LCM of two numbers
static int findLCM(int a, int b)
{
    return (a * b) / findGCD(a, b);
}
 
// Function to find LCM of unique elements
// present in the array
static void uniqueElementsLCM(int arr[], int N)
{
     
    // Stores the frequency of each
    // number of the array
    HashMap<Integer, 
            Integer> freq = new HashMap<Integer, 
                                        Integer>();
 
    // Store the frequency of each
    // element of the array
    for(int i = 0; i < N; i++)
    {
        freq.put(arr[i],
                 freq.getOrDefault(arr[i], 0) + 1);
    }
 
    // Store the required result
    int lcm = 1;
 
    // Traverse the map freq
    for(Entry<Integer, Integer> i : freq.entrySet()) 
    {
         
        // If the frequency of the
        // current element is 1, then
        // update ans
        if (i.getValue() == 1)
        {
            lcm = findLCM(lcm, i.getKey());
        }
    }
 
    // If there is no unique element,
    // set lcm to -1
    if (lcm == 1)
        lcm = -1;
 
    // Print the result
    System.out.print(lcm);
}
 
// Driver code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
    int arr[] = { 1, 2, 1, 3, 3, 4 };
    int N = arr.length;
 
    // Function Call
    uniqueElementsLCM(arr, N);
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by abhinavjain194

Python3

# Python3 program for the above approach
from collections import defaultdict
 
# Function to find GCD of two numbers
def findGCD(a, b):
     
    # Base Case
    if (b == 0):
        return a
 
    # Recursively find the GCD
    return findGCD(b, a % b)
 
# Function to find LCM of two numbers
def findLCM(a, b):
 
    return (a * b) // findGCD(a, b)
 
# Function to find LCM of unique elements
# present in the array
def uniqueElementsLCM(arr, N):
 
    # Stores the frequency of each
    # number of the array
    freq = defaultdict(int)
 
    # Store the frequency of each
    # element of the array
    for i in range(N):
        freq[arr[i]] += 1
 
    # Store the required result
    lcm = 1
 
    # Traverse the map freq
    for i in freq:
 
        # If the frequency of the
        # current element is 1, then
        # update ans
        if (freq[i] == 1):
            lcm = findLCM(lcm, i)
 
    # If there is no unique element,
    # set lcm to -1
    if (lcm == 1):
        lcm = -1
 
    # Print the result
    print(lcm)
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == "__main__":
 
    arr = [ 1, 2, 1, 3, 3, 4 ]
    N = len(arr)
     
    # Function Call
    uniqueElementsLCM(arr, N)
 
# This code is contributed by ukasp

C#

// C# program for the above approach
 
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
class GFG{
 
  // Function to find GCD of two numbers
static int findGCD(int a, int b)
{
    // Base Case
    if (b == 0)
        return a;
 
    // Recursively find the GCD
    return findGCD(b, a % b);
}
 
// Function to find LCM of two numbers
static int findLCM(int a, int b)
{
    return (a * b) / findGCD(a, b);
}
 
// Function to find LCM of unique elements
// present in the array
static void uniqueElementsLCM(int []arr, int N)
{
    // Stores the frequency of each
    // number of the array
    Dictionary<int,int> freq = new Dictionary<int,int>();
 
    // Store the frequency of each
    // element of the array
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        if(freq.ContainsKey(arr[i]))
          freq[arr[i]]++;
        else
            freq.Add(arr[i],1);
    }
 
    // Store the required result
    int lcm = 1;
 
    // Traverse the map freq
    foreach(KeyValuePair<int, int> kvp in freq) {
 
        // If the frequency of the
        // current element is 1, then
        // update ans
        if (kvp.Value == 1) {
            lcm = findLCM(lcm, kvp.Key);
        }
    }
 
    // If there is no unique element,
    // set lcm to -1
    if (lcm == 1)
        lcm = -1;
 
    // Print the result
    Console.Write(lcm);
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main()
{
    int []arr = {1, 2, 1, 3, 3, 4 };
    int N = arr.Length;
 
    // Function Call
    uniqueElementsLCM(arr, N);
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by ipg2016107.

Javascript

<script>
 
// Javascript program for the above approach
 
// Function to find GCD of two numbers
function findGCD(a, b)
{
    // Base Case
    if (b == 0)
        return a;
 
    // Recursively find the GCD
    return findGCD(b, a % b);
}
 
// Function to find LCM of two numbers
function findLCM(a, b)
{
    return (a * b) / findGCD(a, b);
}
 
// Function to find LCM of unique elements
// present in the array
function uniqueElementsLCM(arr, N)
{
    // Stores the frequency of each
    // number of the array
    var freq = new Map();
 
    // Store the frequency of each
    // element of the array
    for (var i = 0; i < N; i++) {
 
        if(freq.has(arr[i]))
        {
            freq.set(arr[i], freq.get(arr[i])+1);
        }
        else
        {
            freq.set(arr[i], 1);
        }
    }
 
    // Store the required result
    var lcm = 1;
 
    // Traverse the map freq
    freq.forEach((value, key) => {
        // If the frequency of the
        // current element is 1, then
        // update ans
        if (value == 1) {
            lcm = findLCM(lcm, key);
        }
    });
 
    // If there is no unique element,
    // set lcm to -1
    if (lcm == 1)
        lcm = -1;
 
    // Print the result
    document.write( lcm);
}
 
// Driver Code
var arr = [1, 2, 1, 3, 3, 4];
var N = arr.length;
// Function Call
uniqueElementsLCM(arr, N);
 
</script>