Python program to find day of the week for a given date
Last Updated :
29 Dec, 2023
Write a Python program to extract weekdays from a given date for any particular date in the past or future. Let the input be in the format “dd mm yyyy”.
Example
Input : 03 02 1997
Output : Monday
Input : 31 01 2019
Output : Thursday
The already discussed approach to extract weekdays from a given date for a given date is the Naive approach. Now, let’s discuss the Pythonic approaches.
Extract Week Days From Given Date in Python
There are various ways to extract weekdays from a given date in Python, here we are discussing some generally used methods we used for extract weekdays from a given date in Python
Extract Week Days From Given Date in Python Using weekday() Method
In this method, weekday() function is provided by datetime module. The weekday() function of the date class in datetime module, returns an integer corresponding to the day of the week.
Example: In this example, Python code defines a function `check_weekday_or_weekend` that takes a date string as input, converts it to a datetime object, determines the day of the week, and prints whether it’s a weekday or a weekend. The example usage checks the day type for the date ’03 02 2019′.
Python3
import datetime
import calendar
def check_weekday_or_weekend(date):
try:
given_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(date, '%d %m %Y')
day_of_week = (given_date.weekday() + 1) % 7
if day_of_week < 5:
day_type = 'weekday'
else:
day_type = 'weekend'
print(f"The day of the week for {given_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')} is {day_of_week} ({day_type})")
except ValueError as e:
print(f"Error: {e}")
date = '03 02 2019'
check_weekday_or_weekend(date)
|
Output
The day of the week for 2019-02-03 is 0 (weekday)
Extract Week Days From Given Date in Python Using isoweekday() Method
The method uses the `isoweekday()` function in Python’s `datetime` module to extract the day of the week from a given date. The result is an integer where Monday is 1 and Sunday is 7. The code then categorizes the day as a weekday (1 to 5) or a weekend day (6 or 7).
Example : In this example code defines a function `check_weekday_or_weekend` that takes a date (specified by year, month, and day) as input, creates a datetime object, determines the day of the week (0 for Sunday to 6 for Saturday), and then prints whether it’s a weekday or a weekend. The example usage checks and prints the day type for the date December 20, 2023.
Python3
from datetime import datetime
def check_weekday_or_weekend(year, month, day):
try:
given_date = datetime(year, month, day)
day_of_week = given_date.isoweekday() % 7
if day_of_week < 5:
day_type = 'weekday'
else:
day_type = 'weekend'
print(f"The day of the week for {given_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')} is {day_of_week} ({day_type})")
except ValueError as e:
print(f"Error: {e}")
year = 2023
month = 12
day = 20
check_weekday_or_weekend(year, month, day)
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Output
The day of the week for 2023-12-20 is 3 (weekday)
Extract Week Days From Given Date in Python Using strftime() method
The strftime() method takes one or more format codes as an argument and returns a formatted string based on it. Here we will pass the directive “%A” in the method which provides Full weekday name for the given date.
Example : In this example code defines two functions using the `datetime` module. `check_weekday_or_weekend(date)` takes a date string as input, converts it to a `datetime.date` object, and returns “Weekday” if the day of the week is Monday to Friday, otherwise “Weekend.” `get_weekday_sunday_zero(date)` also converts the date string to a `datetime.date` object .
Python3
import datetime
def check_weekday_or_weekend(date):
day, month, year = (int(i) for i in date.split(' '))
born = datetime.date(year, month, day)
day_of_week = born.weekday()
if day_of_week < 5:
return "Weekday"
else:
return "Weekend"
def get_weekday_sunday_zero(date):
day, month, year = (int(i) for i in date.split(' '))
born = datetime.date(year, month, day)
day_of_week = born.weekday()
return day_of_week
date = '03 02 2019'
print("Is it a weekday or weekend?", check_weekday_or_weekend(date))
print("Weekday where Sunday is 0:", get_weekday_sunday_zero(date))
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Output :
Is it a weekday or weekend? Weekend
Weekday where Sunday is 0: 6
Extract Week Days From Given Date in Python By Finding Day Number
In this approach, we find the day number using calendar module and then find the corresponding week day.
Example: In this example code defines a function `findDay` that takes a date string in the format ‘DD MM YYYY’, extracts day, month, and year, then uses the `calendar` module to determine the day of the week. It prints the day of the week for the provided date, in this case, ’03 02 2019′, which corresponds to Sunday.
Python3
import calendar
def findDay(date):
day, month, year = (int(i) for i in date.split(' '))
dayNumber = calendar.weekday(year, month, day)
days = ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"]
return days[dayNumber]
date = '03 02 2019'
print(findDay(date))
|
Output
Saturday
Time Complexity: O(1) Auxiliary Space: O(1)
Extract Week Days From Given Date in Python Using Zeller’s Congruence
In this method the below code converts a date string into a datetime object using `strptime()`, extracts day, month, and year, and calculates the day of the week using Zeller’s congruence formula.
Example: In this example code defines two functions: `is_weekend` checks if a given date (in the format ‘day month year’) falls on a weekend (Saturday or Sunday), and `day_of_week` returns the day number (0 for Monday, 1 for Tuesday, …, 6 for Sunday) of a given date. The driver program uses these functions to determine and print whether a specific date (’03 02 2019′) is a weekend or weekday .
Python3
from datetime import datetime
def is_weekend(date_str):
date_obj = datetime.strptime(date_str, '%d %m %Y')
day_num = date_obj.weekday()
return day_num >= 5
def day_of_week(date_str):
date_obj = datetime.strptime(date_str, '%d %m %Y')
day_num = date_obj.weekday()
return day_num
date_str = '03 02 2019'
weekday_num = day_of_week(date_str)
if is_weekend(date_str):
print(f"{weekday_num} (Sunday is 0) - It's a weekend.")
else:
print(f"{weekday_num} (Sunday is 0) - It's a weekday.")
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Output
6 (Sunday is 0) - It's a weekend.
Time Complexity: O(1)
Space Complexity: O(1)
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