Ruby | String Basics
Last Updated :
30 Jul, 2018
In Ruby, string is a sequence of one or more characters. It may consist of numbers, letters, or symbols. Here strings are the objects, and apart from other languages, strings are mutable, i.e. strings can be changed in place instead of creating new strings. String’s object holds and manipulates an arbitrary sequence of the bytes that commonly represents a sequence of characters.
Creating Strings: To create the string, just put the sequence of characters either in double quotes or single quotes. Also, the user can store the string into some variable. In Ruby, there is no need to specify the data type of the variable.
Example:
puts 'Ruby String using single quotes'
puts "Ruby String using double quotes"
str1 = "GFG"
str2 = 'Geeks'
puts str1
puts str2
|
Output:
Ruby String using single quotes
Ruby String using double quotes
GFG
Geeks
Note: The only difference between using single and double quotes is that the double quotes will interpolates the variables but single quotes can’t interpolate.
Example:
str1 = "GFG"
str2 = 'Geeks'
puts 'Cannot Interpolate str1: #{str1}'
puts "Interpolating str2: #{str2}"
|
Output:
Cannot Interpolate str1: #{str1}
Interpolating str2: Geeks
Strings are objects: As you know that Ruby is an object-oriented language so string in Ruby are objects. Basically, an object is a combination of the data and methods which enhance the communication property.
Example:
str = "GeeksforGeeks"
puts str
str2 = String.new "GeeksforGeeks"
puts str2
|
Output:
GeeksforGeeks
GeeksforGeeks
Access String Elements: User can access the string elements by using the square brackets []. In square brackets [], the user can pass the strings, ranges or indexes.
Syntax:
name_of_string_variable[arguments]
Example:
str = "GeeksforGeeks Sudo Placements"
puts str["Geeks"]
puts str['for']
puts str[3]
puts str[-3]
puts str[14, 10]
puts str[14 .. 17]
|
Output:
Geeks
for
k
n
Sudo Place
Sudo
Creating Multiline Strings: In Ruby, a user can create the multiline strings easily whereas in other programming languages creating multiline strings requires a lot of efforts. There are three ways to create multiline strings in Ruby as follows:
- Using Double Quotes(“”) It is the simplest way to create the multiline strings by just putting the string between the quotes. Between double quotes, the user can add the newline character and so on.
- Using (%/ /) To create the multiline string just put the string between the %/ and /.
- Using (<< STRING STRING) To create the multiline string just put the string between the << STRING and STRING. Here STRING should be in capital letters.
Example:
puts "In Ruby, a user can create the multiline
strings easily where in other programming
languages creating multiline strings
requires a lot of efforts"
puts ""
puts %/ In Ruby, a user can create the multiline
strings easily where into other programming
languages creating multiline strings
requires a lot of efforts/
puts ""
puts <<STRING
In Ruby, a user can create the multiline
strings easily where into other programming
languages creating multiline strings
requires a lot of efforts
STRING
|
Output:
In Ruby, a user can create the multiline
strings easily where in other programming
languages creating multiline strings
requires a lot of efforts
In Ruby, a user can create the multiline
strings easily where into other programming
languages creating multiline strings
requires a lot of efforts
In Ruby, a user can create the multiline
strings easily where into other programming
languages creating multiline strings
requires a lot of efforts
String Replication: Sometimes a user may require to repeat some sort of string multiple times. So to make the replication of string in Ruby, make the use of (*) operator. This operator is preceded by the string to be replicated and followed by the number of times to make replicas.
Syntax:
string_variable_or_string * number_of_times
Example:
str = "GeeksForGeeks\n"
puts str * 7
|
Output:
GeeksForGeeks
GeeksForGeeks
GeeksForGeeks
GeeksForGeeks
GeeksForGeeks
GeeksForGeeks
GeeksForGeeks
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